Transient Study in India –Sachu Technologies
Sachu Technologies offering Transients study to identify typically caused by lightning, electrostatic discharges, load switching or faulty wiring.
Transients (fast disturbances): Rapid change in the sine wave that occurs in both voltage and current waveforms. Caused by switching devices, start- and stop of high power equipment. They can vary widely from twice the normal voltage to several thousand volts and last from less than a microsecond up to a few hundredths of a second. Rapid change in the sine wave that occurs in both voltage and current waveforms. Caused by switching devices, start- and stop of high power equipment. They can vary widely from twice the normal voltage to sevTransients are power quality disturbances that involve destructive high magnitudes of current and voltage or even both. It may reach thousands of volts and amps even in low voltage systems. However, such phenomena only exist in a very short duration from less than 50 nanoseconds to as long as 50 milliseconds. This is the shortest among PQ problems, hence, its name. Transients usually include abnormal frequencies, which could reach to as high as 5 MHz.eral thousand volts and last from less than a microsecond up to a few hundredths of a second.
Sources of Transients
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Effects of Transients
Motors
Lights
Electrical Equipment
Damages due to such PQ problems are uncommon as compared to voltage sags and interruptions, but when it does occur it is more destructive. To protect against transients, end-users may use Transient Voltage Surge Suppressors (TVSS), while utilities install surge arresters.
Furthermore, transients are classified as:
Transients Synopsis
Magnitude: Several thousands of volts and amps
Duration: <50 ns to 50 ms
Source: Lightning and switching activities
Symptoms: Electronic component damage
Occurrence: Low
Transients are sudden but significant deviations from normal voltage or current levels. Transients typically last from 200 millionths of a second to half a second. Transients are typically caused by lightning, electrostatic discharges, load switching or faulty wiring. The sampling rate is a constant 256 samples per cycle. When a transient capture is started, each sample is compared to the sample from the preceding cycle. The preceding cycle defines the mid-point of a virtual tube and is used as reference. As soon as a sample is outside the envelope, it is treated as a triggering event; the representation of the transient is then captured by the device. The cycle preceding the event and the three following cycles are saved to memory.
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The half-width of the virtual envelope for the voltage and current is equal to the threshold programmed in the Transient mode of the configuration
Power Flow study involves measurement of
Active Power (KW), all phases & equivalent
The most important information obtained from the load flow analysis is the voltage profile of the system. If voltage varies greatly over the system, large reactive flows will result. This, in turn, will lead to increased real power losses and, in extreme cases, an increased likelihood of voltage collapse. When a particular bus has an unacceptably low voltage, the usual practice is to install capacitor banks in order to provide reactive compensation to the load. Load flow studies are used to determine how much reactive compensation should be applied at a bus, to bring its voltage up to an appropriate level. If new lines (or additional transformers) are to be installed, to reinforce the system, a power flow study will show how it will relieve overloads on adjacent lines. An inefficient or unbalanced load can also cause unpredictable behavior in your localized power grid, increasing the risk of equipment damage and unplanned outages.
It shall help to determine how the system will operate in normal cycle and emergency conditions and during different parts of day or Week. P.F compensation system, Automatic or fixed installed in the network are also checked for their effect in the network.
Load flow analysis has following advantages